Becoming a data analyst doesn't require a Master's degree or even a certification--but you do need to know the right skills. Hiring managers are looking for professionals who can work with data, solve problems, and turn numbers into insights. In this guide, we'll break down what the MOST important data skills you can focus on (like Excel, SQL, Python, Tableau, and Power BI). This way you know exactly what to focus on.
What Skills Are Actually in Demand (Based on Real Job Postings)
It's really hard to know what skills to start with. But we've analyzed THOUSANDS of job postings from the FindADataJob.com job board to see which tools and skills are actually being requested, broken down by job title 👇
As you can see, Excel, SQL, & Tableau are the most in demand and should be where you start. Avery Smith outlined this previously with his Data Learning Ladder. You can remember the order in which to learn them by thinking Every Turtle Swims -> Excel, Tableau, SQL.
You'll also notice that the demand of each tool is dependent on the role. For example, Financial Analysts rely on Excel a lot more than a Data Visualization specialist.
👉 Data Analysts are most commonly expected to know SQL and Excel, followed by Python and data visualization tools like Tableau or Power BI. While tools like R and Looker show up occasionally, your best starting point is SQL and spreadsheets.
👉 This role leans heavily on Tableau and SQL, with Power BI and Python also appearing frequently. While Excel is still used, it takes a backseat to dashboarding and reporting tools. Prioritize visual storytelling and BI platforms if this is your target role.
👉 Excel is the non-negotiable skill for Financial Analysts. SQL and Power BI are also commonly mentioned, while coding tools like Python are less frequent. Focus on spreadsheets, modeling, and reporting—and add BI tools as a bonus.
👉 BI Engineers need strong SQL skills and experience with tools like Tableau and AWS. Python, R, and Power BI are also useful in many job listings. This role is more technical, often involving data pipelines, automation, and cloud platforms.
👉 Business Analysts rely on Excel and SQL, with Power BI and Tableau showing up regularly. Tools like Python or Azure are sometimes listed but aren't central. The key is learning how to gather, interpret, and communicate business data clearly.
👉 Marketing Analysts use a mix of Excel, SQL, and Tableau, with Looker and Python making occasional appearances. If you’re aiming for this role, focus on tools that help track campaigns, KPIs, and digital marketing performance.
👉 Data Specialists frequently use Excel and SQL, with Python, Power BI, and Tableau in many roles. These positions are often more about organizing, cleaning, and maintaining datasets than performing complex analysis.
Target the Right Skills, Not Just More Skills
No matter which data role you're aiming for, the core skills often overlap—but the emphasis changes. SQL and Excel are the most consistent must-haves across nearly every title. From there, your path will depend on your focus. Visualization experts lean into tools like Tableau and Power BI, while financial analysts double down on spreadsheets. Use the data above to guide your learning so you're not just collecting skills—you’re targeting the ones that actually get interviews.